清華大學高冠軍實驗室于2016年9月1號在Genome
Research正式刊發題為《Critical roles of long noncoding RNAs in Drosophila
spermatogenesis》的文章。此文章詳細闡述了lncRNA在精子發生過程中的重要作用,為揭示“暗物質lncRNA”具有重要生物學功能提供了大量的遺傳學證據。
Long
noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a recently discovered class of cellular RNAs,
play important roles in the regulation of many cellular developmental
processes. Although lncRNAs have been systematically identified in
various systems, most of them have not been functionally characterized
in vivo in animal models. In this study, we identified 128
testis-specific Drosophila lncRNAs and knocked out 105 of them using an
optimized three-component CRISPR/Cas9 system. Among the lncRNA
knockouts, 33 (31%) exhibited a partial or complete loss of male
fertility, accompanied by visual developmental defects in late
spermatogenesis. In addition, six knockouts were fully or partially
rescued by transgenes in a trans configuration, indicating that those
lncRNAs primarily work in trans. Furthermore, gene expression profiles
for five lncRNA mutants revealed that testis-specific lncRNAs regulate
global gene expression, orchestrating late male germ cell
differentiation. Compared with coding genes, the testis-specific lncRNAs
evolved much faster. Moreover, lncRNAs of greater functional importance
exhibited higher sequence conservation, suggesting that they are under
constant evolutionary selection. Collectively, our results reveal
critical functions of rapidly evolving testis-specific lncRNAs in late
Drosophila spermatogenesis.