【摘要】 戊型肝炎(Hepatitis E,HE)是由戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)引起的經消化道傳播的急性傳染病,發病率逐年升高,目前尚無特效治療方法,也無特異性被動和主動免疫制劑可供預防。在急性戊型肝炎患者中,血液或糞便中HEV RNA持續時間較短,操作復雜、成本高,不能在臨床廣泛開展。HE的診斷主要依靠血清HEV抗體檢測,抗-HEV IgM是HE急性感染的診斷指標之一,類風濕因子等的存在會影響血清IgM的檢測,造成假陽性。抗-HEV IgG一般在發病2周后可檢測到,可持續1年甚至數年,因此抗-HEV IgG不能鑒別患者為HEV急性感染還是既往感染。有研究表明抗-HEV IgA是HE的急性指標,可代替或輔助現有IgM診斷試劑用于HE診斷,既增加了檢測特異性,又能有效減少漏診。
【關鍵詞】 戊型肝炎;戊型肝炎病毒;抗-HEV IgM;抗-HEV IgA;抗-HEV IgG
【Abstract】 Hepatitis E(HE),as the spread of acute gastrointestinal disease,is caused by hepatitis E virus(HEV).Its morbidity is increasing year and year.However,there is neither specific treatment nor specific passive and active immunity drug to prevent against the disease at present.HEV RNA in blood or stool of patients with acute Hepatitis E can not be widely used due to its short existed time,complicated operation and high cost.Diagnosis of Hepatitis E is made by detection of serum anti-HEV antibody.Anti-HEV IgM is a diagnosis index of acute Hepatitis E,which may be influenced by rheumatoid factor,resulting in false positive.Anti-HEV IgG can generally be detected two weeks after the onset of disease and for at least 1 year.Therefor ,it can not be used to distinguish acute infection from previous infection.Study has showed that anti-HEV IgA is a valuable index for diagnosing acute HEV infections,which is an alternative or supplementary antibody of IgM for detecting HEV infection,increasing high specificity and reducing missed diagnosis.
【Key words】 Hepatitis E;Hepatitis E virus;Anti-HEV IgM;Anti-HEV IgA;Anti-HEV IgG
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